1BA students:
Read the information on Infinitives and Gerunds and to the exercises.
Infinitives 1
Infinitives 2
Infinitives 3
Infinitives 4
Then click on
modals and do some exercises. Note that you can find the explanation by clicking on it.
Infinitives
* Some verbs are followed by (OBJECT) + TO + INFINITIVE
Advise, allow, afford, agree, arrange, ask, decide, expect, forget, help, hope, invite, learn, manage, prefer, promise, refuse, regret, seem, teach, tell, want.
The doctor advised her to stay at home
She decided to go to the party
I forgot to phone her.
They asked him to wait for a few minutes.
He seems to be a pleasant man.
I want to teach him to read.
He decided not to wait.
* Some adjectives are followed by TO + INFINITIVE
Able, afraid, angry, delighted, difficult, disappointed, easy, glad, happy, impossible, possible, sad, sorry, supposed, surprised.
They are delighted to see each other again.
You are supposed to come here at 8:00.
She was surprised to see her old friend.
It’s not possible to play football today.
* HOW TO + INFINITIVE
I don’t know how to explain the problem.
Can you tell me how to get to the cinema?
She taught me how to ride a bike.
* INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE.
To express purpose we can use to-infinitive.
She went to the supermarket to buy some meat.
He phoned Mary to tell her that she was ill.
* TOO / ENOUGH + INFINITIVE
She is too tired to go out.
The box is too heavy for one person to carry.
He is old enough to see the film.
It isn’t warm enough to swim in the lake.
* After some nouns or pronouns such us something, nothing, somewhere, etc. we use TO + INFINITIVE.
There is nothing to do there.
I’ve bought some meat to cook for lunch.
She had to find somewhere to live.
Gerunds
* The gerund can be used as subject of a sentence.
Living in Japan is expensive.
Smoking is bad for your health.
* Prepositions + gerund
He left without saying goodbye.
After having breakfast, she went to the office.
* Expressions and verbs + preposition + gerund
What about going to the club?
They are used to getting up early.
She is good / bad at swimming.
I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.
They were accused of robbing a bank.
She is fond of playing the piano.
Do you feel like going for a swim?
* After certain verbs such as admit, avoid, consider, deny, imagine, involve, miss, postpone, suggest, etc.
He admitted being jealous.
He is considering buying a country house.
Imagine yourself lying on the beach.
I miss riding my horse.
* After like, dislike, love, hate, enjoy (to talk about general preference)
I like painting.
I hate cooking.
(BUT: I like swimming.
I would like to swim.)
Infinitive or Gerund?
* Some verbs are followed by infinite or gerund without a change in meaning.
He began to sing / singing.
He didn’t bother to ask / asking for permission.
It started to rain / raining.
They continued to talk / talking until 12.30.
* Some verbs are followed by infinitive or gerund with a change in meaning.
Stop + infinitive = stop in order to do something else.
When she got to the top of the mountain, she stopped to take a photo.
Stop + gerund = not continue.
Stop talking, please.
Try + infinitive = attempt
He tried to do the exercise but it was very difficult.
Try + gerund = experiment.
If you have a headache, try taking an aspirin.
Remember + infinitive = not forget, remember that you must do something.
Did you remember to send the invitation?
Remember + gerund = recall, remember what you have done.
I remember breaking my leg when I was a child.
Forget + infinitive = not remember
I forgot to buy the book. I have to go out again.
Forget + gerund = not recall
He’ll never forget meeting his favourite actress.
Regret + infinitive = be sorry that you must do something.
I regret to say / to inform you that you have failed the exam.
Regret + gerund = Be sorry that you have done some thing.
She regrets having so many children.
Be sorry + infinitive = apologise for a present situation.
I’m sorry to say that you are fired.
Be sorry + gerund = apologise for an earlier situation.
I’m sorry for keeping you waiting.
Mean + infinitive = intend.
Sorry, I didn’t mean to insult you.
Mean + gerund = involve
Being a doctor means working day and night.
From http://theenglishyouneedblog.blogspot.com/